Blogs

Kenya has a strikingly high level of income and wealth inequality. In 2024, the richest 10% of the population received 47.2% of national income before taxes, while the lowest 50% received just 14.2%. The wealth gap is even wider: the top 10% held 60.4% of overall net personal wealth, compared with only 4.4% held by the bottom half of the population. Looking at this a different way, Kenya ranks among Africa’s top five countries for high-net-worth individuals,

Ethiopia recently adopted a Carbon Market Proclamation, laying the legal groundwork for carbon trading under its National Carbon Market Strategy (2025-2035). As this domestic framework takes shape alongside Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, the emerging challenge lies in moving from theory to action. With the finalisation of the Article 6 rules at the 29th Conference of the Parties (COP29) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

The past two years have brought an unprecedented amount of international judicial focus on the climate crisis. In May 2024, the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea issued an Advisory Opinion on States’ obligations to protect the marine environment from climate change. In July 2025, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights followed with its Advisory Opinion situating climate obligations within a human rights framework for the Americas.

Africa is currently facing a debt crisis. As of August 2026, the World Bank’s Debt Sustainability Analysis indicates that sixteen African countries were at high risk of debt distress, and seven countries were already in debt distress. This situation has been exacerbated by repeated external shocks, including the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russia-Ukraine war, the Iran conflict, extreme weather conditions, tightening global financial conditions, and persistently high borrowing cost

Nature crimes across the Amazon rainforest, including illegal deforestation, logging, mining, mercury pollution, and violence against environmental defenders, pose a unique and challenging threat for legal enforcement authorities. Over the last 20 years, the Amazon has lost over 54.2 million hectares, or almost 9% of its forests, an area the size of France. Estimates place the current deforestation level of the Amazon at 17% with it tipping point at 20-25%

International Lawyers Project (ILP) and Transparency International (TI), the world's largest anti-corruption movement, have worked together for over a decade now, united by a shared belief that legal expertise can be a powerful tool for advancing accountability. This year, our partnership reached an important milestone with the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between ILP and TI in early summer.

As the 31st Conference of the Parties (COP31) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) approaches in November, civil society actors and frontline communities across the Global South face increasing rights violations and injustices stemming from the growing global demand for transition minerals.

Carbon market mechanisms enable the sale of carbon credits, which represent quantified emission reduction or removals in a form that can be bought and sold. These credits are purchased by governments, companies and individuals to offset their own emissions. In the Philippines, such nature-based projects are often located within, or overlap with, territories traditionally owned by Indigenous peoples. Notwithstanding this, Indigenous peoples frequently face a range of legal, so